Noah Ryan Geology

According to the textbook (Natural Hazards 4th edition by Keller/DeVecchio) Mass Wasting, otherwise known as Landslides is a comprehensive  term used for any type of down slope  movement of earth materials. In its more restricted  sense, mass wasting refers to a rapid down slope  movement of rock or soil as a more or less coherent mass.  Types of Landslides: Falling landslide involves rockfall, and is characterized by individual rocks fall through the face of a cliff or other large vertical surfaces.  Sliding landslide is more of the typical landslide, either a slump, soil slip, or rock slide, and is the down slope movement of a large surface area of rock, soil, sand, etc. Flowing landslide is defined as a down slope movement of unconsolidated material in which particles move about and mix within the mass.  Landslides in Australia: Preparation according to  https://www.qld.gov.au/emergency/dealing-disasters/disaster-types/landslides...

Volcanoes or volcanism as stated in our textbook, is closely related to plate tectonics with most volcanoes being located near active plate boundaries. There are 5 different types of volcanoes: Stratovolcano   Lava Dome Shield Volcano Cinder Cone Continental calderas All Volcano eruptions are measured by the Volcanic Explosion Index (VEI). Which is a relative scale that measures different eruptions and can be compared based on quantitative and qualitative observations of explosivity. The scale ranges from 0-8 zero being the lowest. The scale is logarithmic based, which means each interval is a 10x increase in volume of ejected materials.  Australia is home to t he world's longest chain of continental volcanoes which has been discovered stretching for more than 2,000 kilometers  along eastern Australia.  This volcanic chain was created over the past 33 million years, as Australia moved north-northeast over a mantle plume hotspot.  Volcan...